Detailed Analysis of Spatial–Temporal Variability of Rainfall Erosivity and Erosivity Density in the Central and Southern Pannonian Basin

Estimation of rainfall erosivity (RE) and density (ED) is essential for understanding the complex relationships between hydrological soil erosion processes. The main objective this study to assess spatial–temporal trends variability RE ED in central southern Pannonian Basin by using station observations gridded datasets. To ED, precipitation data 14 meteorological stations, 225 grid points. an model consisting daily, monthly, seasonal, annual period 1961–2014 were used. Annual based on match spatially variable patterns precipitation, with higher values southwest (2100 MJ·mm·ha−1·h−1) southeast (1650 area, but minimal northern part (700 MJ·mm·ha−1·h−1). On other hand, datasets display more detailed variability, ranging from 250 2800 MJ·mm·ha−1·h−1. identified are showing increasing (ranging 0.20 21.17 0.01 0.03 MJ·ha−1·h−1) at level. This tendency also observed autumn (from 5.55 0.37 0.05 MJ·ha−1·h−1), as spring 1.00 0.04 due influence large-scale processes climate North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) being most prominent. These increases may cause a transition erosive class future, thus raising concerns about type hydro-meteorological hazard Basin. present analysis identifies seasons places greatest risk, which starting point implementing suitable mitigation measures local regional scales.